To convert an IP address (e.g., 192.168.1.1) into its integer form (e.g., 3232235777), you need to treat each octet of the IP address as a part of a 32-bit number.

An IP address is composed of four numbers (octets), each ranging from 0 to 255. The conversion process takes these numbers and places them in the corresponding positions in a 32-bit integer.

How to Convert IP Address to Integer
The process is as follows:

Split the IP address into four parts (octets).

Multiply each octet by a power of 256:

First octet × 256^3
Second octet × 256^2
Third octet × 256^1
Fourth octet × 256^0 (this is just the number itself)
Add all the results together to get the integer representation.

For example: For the IP 192.168.1.1:

(192 × 256^3) + (168 × 256^2) + (1 × 256^1) + (1 × 256^0)
= (192 × 16777216) + (168 × 65536) + (1 × 256) + (1 × 1)
= 3221225472 + 11010048 + 256 + 1
= 3232235777
So, the integer representation of 192.168.1.1 is 3232235777.

JavaScript Example:
Here is a simple JavaScript function that converts an IP address to an integer:

javascript

function ipToInt(ip) {
const octets = ip.split('.').map(Number);
return (octets[0] << 24) + (octets[1] << 16) + (octets[2] << 8) + octets[3];
}

const ip = "192.168.1.1";
const intRepresentation = ipToInt(ip);
console.log(intRepresentation); // Output: 3232235777
Explanation:
split('.'): This splits the IP address string into an array of octets.
map(Number): Converts each octet from a string to a number.
Bit Shifting (<<): Each octet is shifted to its correct position in the 32-bit number.
The first octet is shifted by 24 bits (to the left).
The second octet by 16 bits.
The third octet by 8 bits.
The fourth octet stays in place.
Python Example:
In Python, you can use this approach to convert an IP address to an integer:

python

def ip_to_int(ip):
octets = ip.split('.')
return (int(octets[0]) << 24) + (int(octets[1]) << 16) + (int(octets[2]) << 8) + int(octets[3])

ip = "192.168.1.1"
int_rep = ip_to_int(ip)
print(int_rep) # Output: 3232235777
How to Convert Integer to IP Address (Reverse Process)
If you want to convert an integer back to the IP address, you can use the following approach:

Divide the integer by 256 and retrieve the remainder at each step.
Continue dividing the result by 256 until you have all four parts.
For example, to convert 3232235777 back to 192.168.1.1:

javascript

function intToIp(num) {
return (num >>> 24) + '.' + ((num >> 16) & 255) + '.' + ((num >> 8) & 255) + '.' + (num & 255);
}

const int = 3232235777;
const ipAddress = intToIp(int);
console.log(ipAddress); // Output: "192.168.1.1"
Conclusion:
The process of converting an IP address to an integer involves splitting the IP into its octets, shifting each octet by the appropriate number of bits, and adding them together.
You can use this method in various programming languages such as JavaScript and Python to handle IP-to-integer conversions.